### Lesson Plan: Wheels and Tyres
**Grade Level:** Senior Secondary 1
**Subject:** Auto Mechanics
**Duration:** 90 minutes
**Lesson Topic:** Wheels and Tyres
#### Objectives:
1. **Knowledge**: Students will understand the components and functions of wheels and tyres.
2. **Skills**: Students will learn how to perform basic maintenance and inspection of wheels and tyres.
3. **Attitude**: Students will appreciate the importance of regular tyre maintenance for vehicle safety.
#### Materials:
- PowerPoint presentation on Wheels and Tyres
- A tyre and wheel assembly (preferably from a vehicle in the workshop)
- Tyre pressure gauge
- Tread depth gauge
- Jack and lug wrench
- Whiteboard and markers
- Handouts on tyre maintenance
#### Pre-Class Preparation:
- Arrange the tyre and wheel assembly in the workshop.
- Test the jack and lug wrench for functionality.
- Prepare handouts and ensure all visual aids are ready.
### Lesson Outline:
1. **Introduction (10 minutes)**
- **Greeting and Roll Call**: 2 minutes
- **Ice Breaker/Hook**: Display an image of a well-worn tyre versus a new tyre. Ask students to identify the differences and discuss why tyre condition might matter.
- **Objective Statement**: Summarize what students will learn by the end of the lesson.
2. **Theoretical Instruction (20 minutes)**
- **Components of a Wheel and Tyre**: Use the PowerPoint presentation to explain:
- Wheel (rim): Material types (alloy, steel), parts (hub, spokes, rim tape)
- Tyre: Tread, belt, sidewall, bead, ply, liner
- **Functions of Tyres**: Traction, handling, comfort, and supporting vehicle load
- **Types of Tyres**: Radial vs. bias-ply, summer, winter, all-season, performance tyres
- **Tyre Specifications**: Reading tyre sidewall markings (e.g., P225/65R17 95H)
- **Importance of Wheel Alignment and Balancing**
3. **Practical Instruction (45 minutes)**
- **Tyre Inspection**: Demonstrate:
- How to check tyre pressure using a tyre pressure gauge
- How to check tread depth using a tread depth gauge (legal tread depth limit)
- Inspecting for visible signs of damage or wear (cracks, bulges, irregular wear)
- **Wheel Removal and Installation**:
- Utilize the jack and lug wrench to demonstrate proper techniques in lifting the vehicle
- Safely removing the wheel
- Reinstalling the wheel using the correct torque sequence
- **Interactive Activity**: Divide students into small groups and let them practice the following under supervision:
- Checking tyre pressure
- Measuring tread depth
- Removing and reinstalling a wheel
4. **Assessment and Recap (10 minutes)**
- **Q&A Session**: Open the floor to any questions from students
- **Quick Quiz**: Hand out a short quiz covering key points (e.g., identifying parts of the tyre, interpreting tyre sidewall codes)
- **Practical Demonstration**: Ask a few students to demonstrate tyre inspection techniques
5. **Conclusion (5 minutes)**
- **Review**: Summarize key takeaways from the lesson
- **Assignment**: Distribute a worksheet that requires students to identify and record the tyre specifications of a family vehicle or any vehicle they have access to. Have them bring their findings to the next class.
- **Closing Remarks**: Emphasize the importance of regular tyre maintenance for safety and vehicle performance.
#### Follow-Up:
- **Next Class Preview**: Briefly introduce the next lesson topic (e.g., “Next time, we’ll dive into the suspension system and its role in maintaining proper wheel alignment”).
- **Collect Quizzes and Practical Worksheets**: To evaluate student understanding and provide feedback in the next class.
#### Assessment:
- **Formative**: Ongoing observations during practical activities, Q&A sessions, and quick quiz.
- **Summative**: Grading the completed worksheets and assignment from the lesson. Providing feedback on practical demonstration techniques observed.
#### Reflection (Post-Lesson Notes for Instructor):
- What worked well in this lesson?
- What challenges were faced, and how can these be addressed in future lessons?
- Were the objectives met? If not, what changes are necessary?
This lesson plan ensures a comprehensive understanding of wheels and tyres, encompasses both theoretical and practical knowledge, and stresses the importance of safety and proper maintenance techniques.